Discussion problems of humus nature

A simplified representation of the chemical nature and reactions of soil humus

An understanding of the chemistry and reactions of humic acids and related substances is crucial to an understanding of the nature and properties of soils. A comprehensible structural representation of humic substances is presented and the simplified model is used to illustrate: (i) the way in which stable humus is formed from lignin; (ii) forms of organic N in soils; (iii) the interaction of h...

Dynamic Problems and Nature

Dynamic problems and nature inspired meta-heuristics. Originally published in Studies in computational intelligence: Biologically-inspired optimisation methods: parallel algorithms, systems and applications, Chapter 4, pp. 79-110 Summary. Biological systems have often been used as the inspiration for search techniques to solve continuous and discrete combinatorial optimisation problems. One of ...

Five NSASAG Problems with Discussion∗

The Department of Statistics has participated in the NSASAG Mathematical Problems Project for over twenty years, originally under the direction of Werner Stuetzle. Each summer a visiting panel of NSA mathematician/statisticians presents a collection of 12-14 problems to the department’s participants, including faculty and graduate students, who in turn try to make useful comments. These comment...

IMPACt OF hUMUS SUBStAnCES On GROUnDWAtER QUALIty

humic substances (hS) constitute a large part of organic matter found in aquatic environment. the hS strongly interact with both inorganic and organic pollutants. Occurrence of the hS in groundwater accounts for many problems with treatment procedures. these natural components cause an increased intensity of water colour, affect its taste and odour, hinder removal of iron, manganese and other m...

Nature inspired optimization of large problems